300 - 500 word essay on one or more "rituals" of American culture.
Your task
is to describe one or more American rituals from an outsider's perspective. Remember that rituals are defined as "formal patterns of behavior that symbolically
express shared beliefs"
Try
to write as Miner did in the Nacirema article. Describe the chosen
topic as an outsider viewing our culture for the first time. Assume you had
no prior knowledge of our culture: what would the actions you observe
lead you to believe about American culture and its values and beliefs?
You can see examples from previous classes HERE
Post your response as comments to this post.
Do
your work in another location to insure you don't lose it - when
finished just paste it into the comment box below this post - you can
comment anonymously but make sure to include your first name and last
initial at the end of your post.
DUE Friday 2/6
Gnitset of the Nacirema
ReplyDeleteThe Nacirema claim to be extremely diverse people yet when it comes to their young, they lump them together. Their young are transported to places of education on the first through fifth day of every week. Here they are taught that being unique is okay and that every person has different strengths and weaknesses. Here they are educated about learning to work with their own strengths and weaknesses. Here they learn to find themselves. But as soon as the fifth month rolls around, here they are also taught to forget everything they have learned about themselves.
During the fifth month, the Nacirema put their young through a process known as gnitset. Depending on the year of school they are in, they take different versions of these stset. The stset assess the Nacirema young on their abilities to complete sections in scitamehtam, straegaugnal, and ecneics in predetermined number of minutes, sometimes even hours. Generally, some forms of gnitset take up to one week while the longer, more stressful ones are completed in one day. The results of the stset are used in determining where the young will complete their next form of higher education. Places of education use the results as statement of a person’s intellect, though it is highly arguable that intellect cannot be measured depending on the results of the stset.
Not only do stset falsify an individual’s intellect, but also take away from the lessons of individuality that are preached in the places of educations every day. To start off, the Nacirema force their young to complete stset in sections that not every Nacirema young is superior in. If they are encouraged to find sections that they love and are superior in during the other nine months of their studies, then I cannot grasp for the life in me why they force their young to complete such stset. In addition, the stset do not allow the young to freely express their opinions. Instead, they are groomed to answer questions on their stset by following specific steps that have been drilled into their brains. Lastly, the results of the stset are scored using set-in-stone grading systems. The systems ruin any form of individuality as they force every young to conform to the “right” style, or the style that will earn them the highest score, to answering the questions of the stset.
The gnitset ritual demonstrates that the Nacirema are hypocritical people. They preach to their young about the importance of being unique, yet when the fifth month arrives being a unique individual is moved to the bottom of their priorities list. Though they claim to value individuality, it is blatantly obvious they place a higher importance on conformity by means of gnitset. They care more about higher stset scores than they do about their young being judged on topics that they love. In fact, they judge and determine the success of their young on what they received on their stset.
~Aashka P.
I agree with your analysis of Nacirema culture as shown by their gnitest ritual. For a culture that prizes individuality the young are in many ways discouraged from developing their unique talents. My question is what purpose(s) does this ritual serve? It must be important to the success of the culture if it survived this long, and contradicts with other professed values of the culture.
DeleteI agree your thoughts on the Nacirema culture regarding gnitset. The people do seem hypocritical as you said. The question I have is how can the Nacirema value individuality, yet still clump the young people together and judge them off of scores? Isn't childhood when they are supposed to be finding out who they are? -Riya
DeleteI agree with the comment on testing. A person's whole childhood is spent being told to be unique and excel in the subjects they choose, then a mainline test comes in and ranks the children from best to worst in subjects that they may want to take no part in or do not excel at. The acceptance of uniqueness promotes everyone to be different and then the testing expects all the children of that grade level to be able to comprehend the information the same way.
DeleteKaitlyn G.
I think your analysis of the Nacirema's ritual gnitset is very thought provoking. It seems that this ritual favors a certain type of child, and those who do not fit in that box tend to fail. Do you believe those who fail are weak, or just do not fit the societies definition of smart and are brilliant in their own way?
DeleteMany are curious about a new culture known as the Nacirema. New anthropological studies have shown that this tribe has very interesting rituals that separate them from the rest of the developed world. While the Nacirema do not seem to be united by one religion or faith they collectively worship more secular beings as their Gods. These idols are people in the Nacirema society that have somehow achieved a higher position in the culture. These Gods sit at the top of the Nacirema hierarchy and set the rules for the people below them; rules that revolve around their own moral compasses, many of which are horribly uncalibrated. Still the general population of the Nacirema tribe pay homage to these gods by regularly mimicking the way they dress, speak, and act. The women may even apply different colored mud and powders to achieve the desired look. At the end of all of this worship, Nacirema people complete a ritual before resting for another day of repetitious tasks.
ReplyDeleteFor peoples so largely concerned with appearance and cleanliness (a rule set by their Gods), it is strange that part of their nightly ritual includes using a paste-like concoction of seaweed and many other chemicals to somehow ‘clean’ their mouths. Many Nacirema women add to this routine with yet another concoction of powder and paste to make their teeth marginally brighter than other people of the tribe. Perhaps this slight color alteration is part of a mating call of sorts in which the brightness of the teeth gives advantage to some Nacirema women over others while trying to attract a partner. After this the people change out of the clothes they spent so long trying to pick out, take off the elaborately colored mud they put on each morning, and and get into various shaped beds. Day after day the Nacirema repeat these rituals without much thought as to what they’re doing. Many appear to be self loathing and only complete these rituals in order to appease the social constructs set by the people they worship.
Rachel C.
I agree, this is an accurate description of how we idolize people and also how we complete our nightly routines.
DeleteMJ
This is a great statement about the role of beauty and obsession in society. It reveals a paradox any person could encounter daily in Nacirema culture, everyone believes in the individual, on being different from the next person, yet every member of society, especially females, mimic each other in appearance, actions, and preferences.
DeleteI agree, the way certain people are idolized is odd to say the least. Many of the people who are idolized haven't done anything good for the world but something that is outrageous and often bad.
DeleteI agree with the fact that other people that have a higher position directly influence the way some people act or dress. Also, cleanliness for teeth is a big concern for people.
DeleteTyler B
As I examined the Nacirema culture, I noticed a ritual that was particularly strange within the Nacirema people. This ritual is called a tnaegap. Women from communities far and wide gather, and for many hours glue other people’s hair into their head, rub pigments on their face, and spray their bodies with paint in an attempt to look as if they had darker skin. They wear a contraption called a tesroc, that contacts their chest until the women can barely breathe, in an attempt to make them appear thinner. Over the tesroc, they wear extravagant cloth that accentuates their breasts and bottom. Many times these women are seen crying as their hair is pulled into unnatural shapes. After their pre-ritual preparation, they walk one by one onto a raised platform and show off their appearance for other Nacirema people’s enjoyment. They are then judged and give a number based on their physical appearance by decorated, important Nacirema people. This number determines if they are worthy enough for a sum of money. The women with the highest number is given a medal relic and a head piece made of jewels, and a large sum of money. The Nacirema people often sacrifice their children at an early age to this ritual, forcing them to be judged on their appearance before they even understand what beauty is. Children are often seen screaming in agony as their mother’s prepare them to be judged.
ReplyDeleteThis ritual gives us an inside look at the values and beliefs of the Nacirema people. This shows us that physical appearance is very highly regarded within their society, and is the most important quality they believe people should have. They will go to great lengths to become their definition of beautiful, from starving themselves to even undergoing surgery. This also shows us how women are seen within the Nacirema people. They are objectified, and are only regarded as worthy if they have an attractive appearance. They are taught at an early age that beauty is everything and are filled with insecurities by the time they are young adults. This culture breaks women down for every flaw they have, and they are seen as accessories for the man. In all, this ritual displays how Nacirema are incredibly vain and do not see women as people, but as objects.
-Ivanka V
Excellent description and analysis, I totally agree. Why do you think the culture has developed this way? Are there any subcultures or countercultures that exist outside mainstream Nacirema culture that oppose these values?
DeleteI like this description about this aspect of Nacirema culture. Why do they value beauty above everything, and what is the perfect definition of beauty in this society that seems so diverse? -Riya G
DeleteAfter spending what almost feels like a lifetime in the Nacirema culture, I feel I am ready to report on one of their strangest rituals, the yadb. The yadb is a ritual that has been practiced for centuries in the Nacirema society and is performed as follows. Every person in the society is entitled to a yadb annually, all on different days, though some people share a yadb. These people seem to be chosen almost randomly. Each yadb ranges in extravagance, the yadbs of richer people more ostentatious than those of the middle and lower class.
ReplyDeleteOn this day the family and friends of this signified person prepare a space, normally their home, backyard, or a pre-prepped place for a yadb, and gather the family and friends of this person in that area. They proceed to celebrate and feast for that person, every guest proceeds to gorge themselves on confectionaries of all kinds, but the most unusual part of the ceremony is the centerpiece of the desserts. After the majority of the jubilation is over, the chosen one is presented with a flaming confection, and all of the guests proceed to chant a song practiced since the beginning of their lives. It’s a simple tune that they sing to the Chosen one who proceeds to put out the fire at the end of the song. When they put it out, they are supposed to make a wish for their future, or at least until the next yadb.
The whole ritual suggests a deep interest and obsession with evading death, seeing as how the festivities are centered around surviving another troubling and strenuous year. Another yadb means a successful year of escaping death. As a person gets older however the celebratory yadbs get smaller, sadder, and more understated as opposed to the yadbs of younger members of society, which are full of mirth, colors, and unadulterated fun. This suggests an opposition to aging and a shared value of youth over old age. Upon further research, I found that some Naciremans spend thousands of dollars at the local medicine hut to have their faces mutilated in attempts to look youthful. Everyone in this society, while still celebrating another year of a life, quietly disproves of signs of aging.
-Maggie M
The birthday is definitely a strange custom. I agree with your viewpoint as this holiday is odd beyond belief. "The whole ritual suggests a deep interest and obsession with evading death, seeing as how the festivities are centered around surviving another troubling and strenuous year." definitely a good point there. Celebrating avoiding death is a great way to describe this holiday,
Delete-Sydney g
I agree with the discrepancy you pointed out at the end. Celebrating our years alive while simultaneously making an effort to turn back the clock is so contradictory and paradoxical, it hurts.
Delete~Tiffany W.
I agree with what this ritual says about the nacirema culture. The nacirema tend to only celebrate youth, even though a yadb is supposed to celebrate another year of existence. It is a completely hypocritical and contradictory system that makes no sense when looked at through an objective viewpoint.
DeleteMaryam H.
This is a true explanation of bdays (yadb). It is fascinating how we celebrate such a strange event, and to us it is totally normal while another culture thinks it very strange.
DeleteMJ
I never saw birthdays as a way of escaping death but I understand how an outsider may come to see it that way. I also think the part about being opposed to aging is a good representation of the american culture we live in, which is obsessed with youthfulness.
DeleteRachel C.
Throughout my studious hours spent researching and locating the Nacirema, multiple customs struck me as outlandish. The Nacirema spend a myriad amount of time staring at a moving box. The box itself does not have the ability to move, but one of the faces of this said box, can be turned on and off and has a multitudinous amount of "channels". There are several Nacirema who are located inside of this moving box that are idolized. My studies are yet to determine what these people are idolized for, but many other Nacirema spend their days carving their facing and putting elements into their bodies to make themselves ghastly. If one of the revered folks weigh 130 stones, or as they call it, "pounds", then the not revered folks will aim for the same weight. The deified Nacirema use a compound of powders to cover up the feature so its as if their desired look is to be as ghostly as possible. The powders can also be used to accentuate the most hideous features of the face, such as the “eyebrows” or the “lips”.
ReplyDeleteThe food they Nacirema devour is synonymous to what an animal would eat. It makes them corpulent. The Nacirema attempt to get as meaty as possible, then go to the latipos to get the fat siphoned out. This incessant cycle burns all their invaluable money on something they caused themselves. The Nacirema care little about maintaining body health, but still aim to look like the revered people. They take more pride in their looks than they do their education. Their education quality is dangling by a shred because their education is built around a false philosophy that each individual Nacirema is the overseer of their own life but they shove other overseers in their face, like the revered individuals, so their culture flows like a river. Each individual cannot be an individual because they are too focused on blending into somebody elses.
-Sydney G
I agree that the terrible cycle that Naciremas put themselves through, constant eating of meaty foods than the removal of fats through latipos, is a very stupid thing they bring upon themselves and that this costly ritual could be easily avoided.
DeleteAfter spending much time watching and analyzing that Nacirema one ritual in particular that has stood out to me is gnipeels. This ritual is one that has most likely been around since the Nacirema have existed. Every single person in this society needs to preform the gnipeels in order to survive. Typically, the gnipeels is performed when the light has left the sky and all of the Nacirema have gone back into their homes. After coming inside they proceed to strip off their many layers of things on their faces, hair, and bodies.
ReplyDeleteFirst, they put on their special gnipeels attire. This attire commonly is softer and looser than the Nacirema normal day clothes. They then proceed to wash their faces with water and maybe even various other strange substances to rid the dirt and sweat from their faces. Women especially use these strange substances for beauty purposes, sometimes even leaving the substances on their faces for long periods of time. They then proceed to put a gel-like substance on a stick with small hairs on the tip and rub it into their mouths. Some of the Nacirema also proceed to pluck out small pieces of plastic out of their eyes. This plastic often causes them discomfort and for their eyes to turn red if not taken out at the right time. This plastic when put into their eyes allows the Nacirema to view the world around them much clearer.
After doing all of this the Nacirema lies down in large, often rectangular, plushy things they call beds. These beds along with blankets are used to keep the Nacirema comfortable and warm while they preform gnipeels. The gnipeels itself is an odd display of the Nacirema lying in a comatose state for hours on end on the beds while often vividly hallucinating in their minds.
This ritual essentially shows how weak the Nacirema really are as a culture. It also shows how little they care about being productive and efficient. Many of the Nacirema can be performing gnipeels longer than they are conscious and actually productive. The Nacirema cannot find a way to function without gnipeels nor do they ever try to. They see it as essential and necessary for survival. This ritual may be the longest and most common among all the Nacirema.
-Maryam H.
Gnipeels rituals are definitely strange and bizarre. The thing that always gets me is "[plucking] out small pieces of plastic." Imagine having no knowledge of this custom and then watching someone pull a tiny dome of plastic out of his eye...it's so abnormal and unnatural.
Delete~Tiffany W.
You put sleeping into an interesting perspective. Though I have to disagree with your views. I feel that not enough Nacirema, especially the young adults, spend enough time on this ritual.
DeleteThe Nacirema are a...peculiar people, to say the least. I had the privilege of living amongst them for nearly ten months. In hopes to assimilate myself to their culture, I thought it best to join with their youth.
ReplyDeleteEvery early morning on the first through fifth days of the calendar week, the Nacirema elders ship their young off to special brick buildings for seven hours of the day. Those seven hours are divided for certain labor tasks, which is intriguing in and of itself. However, what struck me to be most bizarre was how they begin their days in these buildings.
At a high-pitched cue, the youths all congregate inside the walls of what some call Lleh, break up into various different rooms, sit down at structured rows of personal work spaces, and wait for an annoying ringing sound. At this second cue, a voice echoes from somewhere in the walls, politely requesting everyone to stand up. Almost instinctively, they oblige and turn to look up at a red, white, and blue piece of cloth (they seem to regard it as precious symbol). In near perfect unison, the youths place their right hands flat over the left side of their chests and begin a monotonous recitation of some scripture. It speaks of allegiance, a God, liberty, and justice.
This ritual is so unusual. These young, still developing offspring are being conditioned to pledge allegiance to their tribe before they can even spell “allegiance.” Their leaders must have a deep-set fear of insurgency. They train their young to blindly follow a set of beliefs without question, and they speak of a single God, yet I’ve met a few of the youths here who don’t worship the same God (if any God at all). It seems as though, possibly through history, the elders of the Nacirema culture have adopted a persistent apprehension of dissension amongst a people. Although this ritual may seem a bit repetitive and insecure, loyalty is apparently highly valued in this culture.
~Tiffany W.
I think that was a good representation of a strange custom (pledging allegiance) in the Nacirema culture. This custom is peculiar for ones who do not grow up doing this strange act.
Delete-Sydney G
This was a very accurate depiction of the American school day. I think the point you made about "being conditioned to pledge allegiance to their tribe before they can even spell 'allegiance'" is a good representation of how America has an overwhelmingly strong sense of pride and seeks to instill that pride even in young children.
DeleteRachel C.
I completely agree with your analysis. Through my own studies I have discovered that this tribe was created by their own insurgency against their former mother country. I find it intriguing that they fear what their entire culture was built upon.
Deletegood - see Aashka's response for a similar analysis. you did a good job of looking at analyzing WHY the Nacirema have these values/ beliefs (what purpose they serve, how they help the culture succeed)
DeleteI agree with your analysis. Kids are taught to recite the pledge when they are in kindergarten, when they do not even understanding the meaning of the pledge. Though the pledge symbolizes loyalty, should not they get to decide if they believe in all parts of the pledge and only recite the parts they please. For example, many do not believe in God or believe in several gods yet since age 5 they have been taught to recite "Under God".
DeleteThe Nacirema have been examined many times over the past century, yet lately, their habits have been drastically different. Almost everyone, from a child to elderly owns a bright block that they are amazed by all day long. There are small, medium, and large blocks that are available, and within these size ranges are many more sizes. The Nacirema communicate through these strange devices, and they tap them a lot, too. These devices are called senohpllec, and they contain every form of connection between each Nacirema. Although they seem to build bonds over the senohpllec, there is deterioration in face-to-face contact. All of the people walk around with their heads bent over on this device. I spoke to a Nacirema who claimed that it was the best thing ever. However, this citizen was hyperactive, had blood-shot eyes, and had sore thumbs. It seems barbaric the way that they use these magical blocks. The magical blocks are used for every day life, like work, school, entertainment, and communication. I wanted to examine one, yet they were costly, and the people got them by giving a seller a thin plastic sheet that they slid through a machine with a fissure through it. I guess the plastic is the new form of wealth. Wealth is increasing in the Nacirema society, and it has changed in many ways since the last study conducted. Life seems fast and advanced, and their technology seems to change everyday. In the last study conducted, life appeared to be peaceful, and simpler. Now, these blocks have taken over the lives of the Nacirema.
ReplyDeleteThe ritual of using the senohpllec all the time shows that the Nacirema value communication much more than they used to. Additionally, they are trying to advance their technology. Yet, they don’t realize how destructive their habits may be. These mesmerizing boxes are taking up all of their attention, and it is making them lazy. Face to face contact is decreasing and this device is part of their everyday lives. Everyone in the society demonstrates that they rather live their lives quietly through a device than enjoy their surroundings.
-Riya G
I agree with the fact that Americans are obsessed with their various forms of technology, especially their phones. The obsession with technology is ruining our old ways of bonding but they also help in many ways. Though face-to-face contact in decreasing we are able to connect with family and friends all over the globe, which is better. And laziness may occur due to technology, but technology also allows people to be faster and efficient.
DeleteThis highlights where the Nacirema people may be heading. In the future with all this technology, it may not even be necessary to leave the home. The lack of social contact and the reward received from social media may aid in this horrible outcome.
DeleteUpon observation, the Nacirema people may seem quite strange at the first glance. These people have developed a multitude of rituals that are out of the ordinary. One of these rituals includes the use of domesticated wolves. Here, many people own different kinds of wolves that they take for walks and watch them defecate. These people have adopted wild animals and use them for their own advantage. Some may even fit in small bags that women of a higher class carry around. This tradition is wild, yet innovative.
ReplyDeleteDepending on which socio-economic class a citizen is in, you can see what they value. Most of the time, the state of wealth is determined by what some may consider unnecessary luxury. People in a low class will only have what they need, such as machines for simple functions. Higher class people may require “unnecessary luxuries”, such as machines that not only do the job, but look good doing it. The community is strange because values differ so evidently throughout each group of people.
The Nacirema people have quite the strange way to torture the uneducated. They send the young to facilities in which they are forced to sit and learn against their wills. They claim that it will shape them for the future, but upon my observation, it only makes one’s goal in life hazy. It is overwhelming for the children, but the teachers take pleasure in this torture. Misconceptions are formed within the community to decide what would be the most ethical thing to do for the children. Parents even spend money to torture their offspring for what they perceive as the greater good.
Based on what I have observed, I can only see that the Nacirema can be strange in what they value. Some enjoy watching domesticated wolves do what is natural. Values differ between one’s place in the community. And “education” is a complex word for torture.
Tyler B
Interesting analysis - great point that "values differ between one's place in the community". The Nacirema do seem to be much more diverse than other cultures usually observed. Which begs the question, how does this culture even survive if it is so diverse? Is there one general "Nacriema culture" at all?
DeletePerhaps one of the strangest rituals the Nacirema practice is the methods to get food. It's strange and sometimes barbaric. I have observed that all members of these tribes have a small ice cave in their homes. When one is hungry they must move a large slab of stone to access it. The inside is cold and dimly lit by a single candle and holds copious amounts of food hidden within it. They stand there for mere seconds or even five minutes surveying the supply. Once they find something they desire they take it out put the stone back in place, probably as to protect the food from scavengers and animals. Than they take out what looks like colorful square prey. The next part is truly gruesome because with their bare hands the person either peels a thin layer of skin from the top of the beast. Or reaches inside the dead beast and pulls out the entrails. Which ever they do they than place their food on to a circular leaf and place it in a strange magic box. They than have to coax the box to perform it's heating magic with a series of taps and touches. They leave the box for a while, probably because the magic being performed is sacred, till it starts making a strange high pitched squeal. In which case they remove the leaf with the food with tons of smoke emerging from the ritual. After taking it out they set it down in front of them and take at least a minute to pray and thank the box for the food before finally consuming it.
ReplyDelete-Juliet DiBonaventura
The Nacirema culture is one of the most strange and obscure I have ever observed. The people have some of the most bizarre rituals, many of these they follow every single day at around the same time and are performed by almost every single one of the Nacirema people. In order to start their day of peculiar rituals the Nacirema people all perform the ritual of waking themselves up in the morning.
ReplyDeleteThe people of these tribes start each day waking from sleep with the help of what they call an “mrala kcolc”. This “mrala kcolc” is used by the people to wake themselves up at the time of their choosing by making a specified alarming sound in order to wake the person up, at the time chosen the apparatus plays the chosen alarming sound. They then proceed quickly to a room they call a kitchen, to embark on another even more peculiar ritual. This next morning ritual they call “eeffoc”, for this ritual most of the people above the age of fifteen, both male and female, drink a black bitter smelling liquid that comes out of a machine hot when water and “eeffoc” grounds are added, this they believe will help them in order to rid themselves of their morning drowsiness. The black bitter smelling liquid usually is accompanied by an array of different items in order to make it taste better, many add a sweetening product they call “sugar” and some kind of lightening product ranging in names from “milk” to “half and half”. Many of the people have taken on the motto of “don’t talk to me until I’ve had my eeffoc” and “my day doesn’t start until I’ve had my eeffoc”.
The people of this odd place seem to be addicted to the “eeffoc” ritual. Most have at least two cups of the liquid per day and many leave their houses and go to stores they call "eefoc shops as social outings in which the drink this liquid with other members of the tribe while they spend time together. For the Nacirema tribe “eeffoc” is an intricate part of their culture used for the morning functional purposes and then as a way to converse with other members of the tribe in a social way.
Kaitlyn G
I agree and I think it's interesting how "eeffoc" is a very addictive thing to people while also being a social activity.
DeleteTyler B
where does the eeffoc come from? does our appetite for it affect other cultures? also, why are some drugs celebrated and others outlawed? can we infer anything about our cultural values by looking at the legality of various drugs?
DeleteI agree with the comment on testing. A person's whole childhood is spent being told to be unique and excel in the subjects they choose, then a mainline test comes in and ranks the children from best to worst in subjects that they may want to take no part in or do not excel at. The acceptance of uniqueness promotes everyone to be different and then the testing expects all the children of that grade level to be able to comprehend the information the same way.
ReplyDeleteKaitlyn G.
In the Nacirema culture, there is a coming of age ritual in which when a specimen reaches a certain years of life, they are rewarded with a rectangular card, or a esnecil. They sit in a moving box and they do a series of turns that the issuer of the card tells them to complete. After all the twists and turns that they are told to do, they stop the moving box and step out of it either showing their white, perfectly taken care of teeth, or a frown. If smiling, they get their card, if not, they don’t. If showing their teeth, they most likely receive the small card. There is not much preparation for this special event, however, many become shaky and dripping with water from their heads. It is not known why they become this way while some are completely fine with what they are about to do. With this card, they are granted almost unlimited freedom in this moving boxes called srac. When alone in one of these srac, they have the ability to drive. If they do not have one of these cards with them, then they are not allowed. On the card, it has information about the person on it, as well as a self portrait of themselves. They are taken by rectangular boxes with a bright light flashing. The people that are going to give flat card to you after you pass tells you to make a ‘natural face’, as if they face they have been making the whole time was not natural. The flat card with all the information is then handed over to the person completing this of age ritual. When one gets this it seems to be a big deal. When one shares the news, the other scream and act like total animals, and they call our culture weird.
ReplyDeleteMJ A.